Apparatus for curling hair



1956 M. J. PAPISH 2,764,985

APPARATUS FOR CURLING HAIR Filed May 11, 1954 IN VENTOR f E] MJPa vL's/Z APPARATUS FOR CURLING HAIR Michael J. Papish, Pueblo, Coio.

Application May 11, 1954, Serial No. 428,980-

8 Claims. (Cl. 132-41) This invention relates to hair curling devices,and more specifically, to curling apparatus for mechanically windingthehair thereon.

One of the primary objects of this invention is to provide in a haircurler mechanical means for winding the hair thereon.

Another object of this invention is to provide, in hair curlingapparatus, means for mechanically wrapping the hair around the curlertogether with means operable upon the removal of the curler forconditioning the curler for a subsequent curl Winding operation.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a hair curlingdevice of the type described with means for releasably securing the hairto the curler While the curl is setting.

A still further object of this invention is to provide in a hair curlerof the type to which reference has been made above with means forreleasably clamping an end portion of the hair to the curler at thestart of the winding operation.

This invention also contemplates as a further object the provision of ahair curler which is inexpensive to manufacture, non-complex inconstruction and assembly, durable in use, and which is simple to use.

Other and further objects and advantages of the present invention willbecome more apparent from a consideration of the following specificationwhen read in conjunction with the annexed drawing, in which:

Figure .1 is a top plan view of a mechanically operated hair curlerconstructed in accordance With the teachings of this invention.

Figure 2 is a medial longitudinal cross-sectional view taken on thehorizontal plane of line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the vertical plane of line33 of Figure 1, looking in thedireetion of the arrows.

Figure 4 is an enlarged detail cross-sectional view, partly inelevation, taken on the line 4-7-4 of Figure 2 and looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail cross-sectional view taken on thevertical plane of line 55 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a partial side elevation of the clamp arm.

.Figure 7 is a detail cross-sectional view illustrating a modificationofthis invention.

Figure 8 is a detail cross-sectional view of a further modification ofthe invention.

Referring now more specifically to the drawing, reference numeral 10designates, in general, a hair curling device constructed in accordancewith the instant invention. The curler 10 comprises an elongatedsubstantially hollow cylindrical casing 11 having a pair of oppositelydisposed open ends. As is shown in Figure 2, one end of the casing 11 isprovided with a plurality of integrally formed circumferentially spacedratchet teeth 12 having ratchet engaging sides 13 whose planar surfacesare disposed,

substantially, in radial planes which contain the longitudinal axis ofthe casing. Each of the ratchet teeth 12 is 2,764,985 Patented Get. 2,1956 formed with an outer end 14 having a surface contained in aninclined plane which extends inwardly from its adjacent side 13.

Spaced inwardly from and adjacent to the ratchet teeth 12 the casing 11is constructed with an inwardly ex tendingic'entrally positionedelongated cylindrical passage 15 which opens at its inner end into asubstantially cylindrical chamber 16 having a diameter greater than thediameter of the passage 15 and coaxially aligned therewith.

A sleeve 17 has one of its ends slidably mounted on the casing'lladjacent the ratchet teeth 12 and projects therebeyond. The outer end ofsleeve 17 is bent inwardly to form a circular abutment wall 18 and todefine a coaxially aligned circular opening 19.

As' seen in Figures 2 and 4, a button 20 is provided having an inner end21 of substantially circular transverse cross-section, a central orintermediate portion 22 which tapers inwardly toward the other end 23having a substantially uniform circular transverse cross-section. Theend 21 and central portion 22 are mounted for reciprocation within thesleeve 17 with the end 23 projecting through the opening 19. In itsnormal position, the central portion 22 abuts against the wall 18 whichlimits the movement of the button 20 outwardly and away from the sleeve17. The button 20 is completed by securing one end of each of a pair ofdiametrically opposed pins 24 to the end 21 in such position that theother ends there of engage against the adjacent end of the casing 11.

A circular cross pin 25 extends diametrically across the sleeve 17 andis rotatable therein intermediate the button 29 and the casing 11. Thepin 25 projects beyond the opposite sides of the sleeve and has securedthereto at its opposite end one of the adjacent ends of a pair .of wirearms 26, 27 of a substantially U-shaped clamp, the other ends of thearms being integrally joined by a base wire 28.

A hook 29 projects laterally from the cross-pin 25 and extends partiallyinto the passage 15. One end of a twisted rubber or flexible band 30. islooped over the book 29 While the other end of the band is looped over ahook 31 positioned in the chamber 16 and centrally secured to thereduced end portion 32 of a closure cap 33. As seen in Figure 2, thereduced end 32 is frictionally seated and retained in a groove 34 whichextends inwardly from the other end of the casing. A groove 35 extendsdiametrically across the outer end of the cap 33.

From the above description, it Will be understood that the twistedrubber band 30 exerts sufiicient force on the hooks 29'and 31 so thatthe cap 33 and sleeve 17 together with its associated elements are urgedconstantly towards each other.

A substantially L-shaped elongated Wire leader 36 extends longitudinallyof the casing 11 and has one of its ends 37 fixedly secured in the cap33 while the other end 38 is bent laterally and arcuately around aportion of the casing 11. If desired, and to facilitate the operation ofthe device, a loop 39 may be formed in the leader 36 adja ,centthe otherend 38.

"In" operation, let it be assumed that the described curler is to beapplied to the hair and the component elements thereof are as shown inFigures 1 and 2. The operator first grasps the loop 39 and draws theleader 36 and the end .38 away from the casing 11. The ends of the hairto be curled are theninserted therebetween and the leader 36 released tolightly clamp the hair between the leader and casing The sleeve 17 isthen grasped between the fingers of the operator and the button 20 ispushed inwardly. Since the pins 24 engage against the adjacent end ofthe casingll the inward movement of the button 20 forces the casing 11to slide'outwardly relative to the other end of the sleeve 17. Thismovement continues until the sides 13' of the pair of ratchet teeth 12engaged by the r; .3 cross-pin 2S become disengaged therefrom the pin 25normally abutting thereagainst under tension of the band 30.

With the escape of the ratchet teeth 12 from the pin 25 the twistedrubber band exerts a torque or force on the casing 11 causing the latterto rotate relative to the sleeve 17 and consequently, to wind the hairon the casing 11. When the desired amount of hair has been wound'on thecasing, the button 20 is released. The tension of the band 30 exerts aforce on the casing 11 and button 20 which causes the casing 11 andbutton 20 to move in their respective other direction. This longitudinalmovement halts upon engagement of the inclined portion 22 of the buttonwith the inwardly bent end 18 of the sleeve 17.

As the last described movement takes place, the abutment sides 13 of apair of diametrically spaced ratchet teeth 12 engage the cross-pin 25and the rotation of the casing 11 relative to the sleeve 17 is arrested.

The U-shaped clamping member comprising the wire arms 26, 27 and base 28is then pivoted on the sleeve 17 until the base 28 looks in the groove35 with the arms 26, 27 extending longitudinally of the casing 11 ondiametrically opposed sides thereof. Thus it is seen that the hair nowwound on the curler is releasably clamped between the U-shaped clampingmember and the casing.

When sufiicient time has elapsed to set the curl, the operatordisengages the base wire 28 from the groove 35 and rotates the arms 26,27 and base 28 in the reverse direction. The sleeve 17 is grapsed asbefore and the operator pulls the curler 10 in a direction away from thehead and causing the hair to rotate the casing 11 in the oppositedirection and unwind therefrom.

As the casing is now rotating, the ends of the cross pin 25 ride up theinclined ends 14 of consecutive ratchet teeth 12 until the curler 10 hasbeen disengaged from the hair, the extreme ends thereof sliding frombetween the leader 36 and casing 11. At this point the band will effectreengagement of the ends of the cross-arm 25 with a pair of abuttingends 13 of the ratchet teeth 12.

It should now be manifest that in effecting the winding operation theband 30 tended to become unwound or untwisted and that the torqueprovided thereby lessened with each revolution of the casing 11. On theother hand, in the withdrawal operation described above, the band 30 isretwisted to restore the same to its original condition and the curleris prepared for immediate reuse.

A second embodiment of this invention is disclosed in Figure 7, andextends the inventive concept to the utilization of conventional haircurlers now available on the open market. In this form, an adapter 50 isprovided which comprises a cylindrical member 51 at one of its ends andformed of elastic material such as rubber. The member 51 is formed witha cylindrical recess 52 extending inwardly from one of its ends which isadapted to receive the outer end of the cap 33 and a marginal portion ofthe casing 11 immediately adjacent thereto.

The other end 53 of the adapter 50 is reduced in diameter and has acylindrical recess 54 extending axially inwardly therefrom adapted toreceive the one end of a conventional hair curler 55. The other end ofthe curler 55 has secured thereto the usual elastic or rubber band 56.The cylindrical recess 54 may have any desired contour to mate with theconfiguration of the free end of the curler to be employed.

Thus, in this embodiment the hair curler 55 comprises an extension ofthe casing 11. After the hair has been mechanically wound on the curler55 the latter is detached from the adapter 50 to permit the band 56 tobe inserted in the recess 57 to releasably secure the curler 55 to thehair.

In the embodiment of Figure 8, one end of the adapter 58 comprises a cap59 having a reduced end portion 60 extending longitudinally therefrom.The cap 59 and end portion 60 are provided with a cylindrical recess 61in which is anchored one end of the shank 62 of a hook 63. The other end64 of the adapter is identical to the 0th?! end of the adapter describedabove and includes an inwardly extending cylindrical recess 65 adaptedto receive one end of a conventional curler therein.

In this instance, the cap 33 is removed from the casing 11 and theadapter 58 is substituted therefor with the pro jecting end seated inthe groove 34. The hair winding and curling operations are then carriedout as described above.

With the exception of the structural modifications noted above theremaining details of the modifications illustrated in Figures 7 and 8are the same as those of the preferred form of the invention illustratedin Figures 1 through 6.

Having described and illustrated one embodiment of this invention indetail, it will be understood that the same is offered by way ofexample, and that the invention is only to be limited by the scope ofthe following claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A hair curling device comprising an elongated tubular casing having apair of opposed ends, a sleeve having an end portion thereof slidablyand rotatably mounted on one end of said casing, a substantiallycylindrical element mounted for reciprocation in said sleeve adjacentthe other end thereof, means cooperating between said element and theadjacent end of said casing to prevent relative rotation of said casingand said sleeve in one direction, means connected to said element anden-. gaging said casing operable when reciprocated, to render said meansineffective, and means connected between said sleeve and said casing foreffecting rotation of said casing relative to said sleeve.

2. A hair curling device comprising a sleeve, a casing mounted forrotation and reciprocation within said sleeve, actuating means connectedbetween said sleeve and said casing for rotating said casing, and meansreciprocable in said casing, cooperatively engaging said actuating meansto effect the operation of said actuating means when reciprocated in onedirection and to arrest the rotation of said casing when reciprocated inthe opposite direction.

3. A hair curling device comprising an elongated sleeve having an endportion mounted for reciprocation and rotation on one end of anelongated casing, resilient means connected between said casing and saidsleeve to effect relative rotation therebetween, ratchet meanscooperating between said sleeve and said casing to prevent rotation ofsaid casing relative to said sleeve in one direction, and manuallyoperated means disposed in said sleeve to efiect axial movement of saidcasing relative to said sleeve to render said ratchet means inoperativewhereby said casing rotates relative to said sleeve, said resilientmeans being adapted to move said casing axially in the other directionto effect the operation of said ratchet means and to stop the rotationof said casing.

4. A hair curling device comprising an elongated substantially hollowcylindrical casing, said casing having a pair of opposed closed ends,one end of said casing having a plurality of circumferentially spacedratchet teeth formed thereon, said casing having a longitudinal passageformed in said one end which communicates at its inner end with oneenlarged chamber formed in said casing, a hook member secured to theother closed end of said casing and projecting within said chamber, saidcasing having one of its ends slidably and rotatably mounted in one endof a sleeve, a cross-pin extending diametrically across said sleeve andprojecting on opposite sides thereof, a hook connected with said sleeveand projecting into said passage, resilient means connected with saidhooks and extending through said chamber and into said passage, saidmeans constantly tending to urge said casing and sleeve for relativelongitudinal movement towards one another and for rotation in onedirection relative to each other, said cross-bar being normally engagedby a plurality of ratchet teeth to prevent said rotation, and manuallyoperated means having reciproeating movement disposed in said sleeveadjacent the other end thereof and engaging said one end of said casingwhereby movement of said manually operated means in. one directionforces said casing to move outwardly away from said sleeve and todisengage said cross-pin from said ratchet teeth whereby said resilientmeans rotates said casing relative to said sleeve.

5. A hair curling device comprising an elongated substantially hollowcylindrical casing adapted to receive the hair to be curled thereon,said casing having a pair of opposed closed ends, one end of said casinghaving a plurality of circumferentially spaced ratchet teeth formedthereon, said casing having a longitudinal passage formed in said oneend which communicates at its inner end with one enlarged chamber formedin said casing, a hook member secured to the other closed end of saidcasing and projecting within said chamber, said casing having one of itsends slidably and rotatably mounted in one end of a sleeve, a cross-pinextending diametrically across said sleeve and projecting on oppositesides thereof, a hook connected with said sleeve and projecting intosaid passage, resilient means connected with said hooks and extendingthrough said chamber and into said passage, said means constantlytending to urge said casing and sleeve for relative longitudinalmovement towards one another and for rotation in one direction relativeto each other, said cross-bar being normally engaged by a plurality ofratchet teeth to prevent said rotation, manually operated means havingreciprocating movement disposed in said sleeve adjacent the other endthereof and engaging said one end of said casing whereby movement ofsaid manually operated means in one direction forces said casing to moveoutwardly away from from said sleeve and to disengage said cross-pinfrom said ratchet teeth whereby said resilient means rotates said casingrelative to said sleeve and winds said hair on said curling device, hairclamping means secured to and extending longitudinally of said casingfor initially receiving the free ends of the hair, and means connectedwith the projecting ends of said cross-pin and rotatable therewith onsaid sleeve for extrusion longitudinally of said casing to clamp thehair to said casing after the hair has been wound thereon, and means onsaid lastnamed means cooperating with said other end of said casing forreleasably securing said last-named means in its clamping position.

6. A hair curling device comprising an elongated tubular casing having apair of opposed ends, a sleeve having an end portion thereof slidablyand rotatably mounted on one end of said casing, a substantiallycylindrical element mounted for reciprocation in said sleeve adjacentthe other end thereof, means cooperating between said element and theadjacent end of said casing to prevent relative rotation of said casingand said sleeve in one direction, means connected to said element andengaging said casing operable when reciprocated, to render said meansineffective, means connected between said sleeve and said casing foreffecting rotation of said casing relative to said sleeve, and adaptermeans mounted on the other end of said casing and projecting axiallythereof for connection with the free end of a conventional hair curler.

7. A hair curling device as defined in claim 6, said adapter meanscomprising an elongated elastic member having an axial recess extendinginwardly from each end thereof, one of said recesses being adapted toreceive the other end of said casing, and the other of said recessesbeing adapted to receive the free end of a conventional hair curler.

8. A hair curling device comprising an elongated tubular casing having apair of opposed ends, a sleeve having an end portion thereof slidablyand rotatably mounted on one end of said casing, a substantiallycylindrical element mounted for reciprocation in said sleeve adjacentthe other end thereof, means cooperating between said element and theadjacent end of said casing to prevent relative rotation of said casingand said sleeve in one direction, means connected to said element andengaging said casing operable when reciprocated, to render said meansinefiective, and adapter means mounted on and closing the other end ofsaid casing, said adapter means comprising a cap having a reduced endportion adapted to seat within said other end of said casing, and saidcap having an axially extending end portion provided with an inwardlyextending central recess to detachably receive the free end of aconventional hair curler therein.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS372,092 Stansbury Oct. 25, 1887 527,172 Friedel Oct. 9, 1894 2,134,486Leland Oct. 25, 1938 2,267,031 Jefferson Dec. 23, 1941 2,627,861 PeytonFeb. 18, 1953 2,651,309 Kemp Sept. 8, 1953 2,657,694 Reed et a1 Nov. 3,1953

